Some verbs can be preceded by 好 or 难, and the resulting compounds become adjectives. In this case, 好 usually means “easy” while难 means “difficult,” for example:
好受 easy to bear
Hǎoshòu

难受 hard to bear
Nánshòu

好写easy to write
Hǎo xiě

难写 hard to write
Nán xiě

好走 easy to walk on
Hǎo zǒu

难走 hard to walk on
Nán zǒu

好说 easy to say
Hǎoshuō

难说 difficult to say
Nánshuō

好懂 easy to understand
Hǎo dǒng

难懂 hard to understand
Nán dǒng

好唱 easy to sing
Hǎo chàng

难唱 hard to sing
Nán chàng

In some other compounds, however, 好 suggests that the action represented by the verb is pleasant, while 难 means the opposite, for example:

好吃delicious
Hào chī

难吃 unappetizing
Nán chī

好看 pretty
Hǎokàn

难看 ugly
Nánkàn

好听 pleasant to the ear
Hǎotīng

难听unpleasant to the ear
Nántīng

Which word do you think is easy to pronounce? Which word is difficult to pronounce?
你觉得哪一个字的发音好发？哪一个字的发音难发？
Nǐ juédé nǎ yīgè zì de fǎ yīn hǎo fā? Nǎ yīgè zì de fǎ yīn nán fā?

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Both 要 (yào) and 想 (xiǎng) can essentially mean “want,” but they can also be used in quite different ways, such as 想 (xiǎng) also meaning “to miss” when followed by a noun, and 要 (yào) also meaning “going to (do something).”

Followed by a Noun
Both 要 (yào) and 想 (xiǎng) may be followed by nouns, but pay attention to how the meaning of 想 (xiǎng) totally changes when used this way.

要 (yào) as “to Want”
Structure
In this pattern, 要 (yào) is directly followed by a thing (a noun), rather than by a verb. It is often used to buy something, or to order food at a restaurant.
It may be helpful to imagine a demanding child using this pattern to get stuff from his parents. This “I want x!” pattern can seem slightly impolite, but to the Chinese ear it’s not as inherently rude as it may seem when translated directly into English. Tone of voice plays a key role when using this pattern in spoken Chinese.

Subj. + 要 + Noun
Examples
你 也 要 茶 吗？ordering in a restaurant
Nǐ yě yào chá ma?
Do you also want tea?
我们 都 要 咖啡。ordering in a cafe
Wǒmen dōu yào kāfēi.
We all want coffee.
大家 要 不 要 米饭？ordering in a restaurant
Dàjiā yào bù yào mǐfàn?
Does everyone want rice?
你们 要 冰水 还是 热水？ordering in a restaurant
Nǐmen yào bīng shuǐ háishì rè shuǐ?
Do you want ice water or hot water?
谢谢，我 什么 都 不 要。ordering in a restaurant
Xièxiè, wǒ shénme dōu bù yào.
Thank you. I don’t need anything.

想 (xiǎng) as “to Miss”
Pay attention here: unlike “想 (xiǎng) + Verb,” the meaning of 想 (xiǎng) in the “想 (xiǎng) + Noun” pattern becomes “to miss.”
Structure
Subj. + 想 + Noun
Examples
我 想 你。
Wǒ xiǎng nǐ.
I miss you.
我 有点 想 我 的 家人。
Wǒ yǒudiǎn xiǎng wǒ de jiārén.
I sort of miss my family.
你们 回 美国 以后， 会 想 中国菜 吗？
Nǐmen huí Měiguó yǐhòu, huì xiǎng Zhōngguó cài ma?
Will you all miss Chinese food after you go back to the U.S.?
你女朋友 不 在 的时候，你 会 想 她 吗？
Nǐ nǚpéngyou bù zài de shíhou, nǐ huì xiǎng tā ma?
Do you miss your girlfriend when she is not around?
妈妈 打 电话 的 时候 跟 我 说， 她 很 想 我。
Māma dǎ diànhuà de shíhou gēn wǒ shuō, tā hěn xiǎng wǒ.
Mom called me and said she misses me a lot.

Followed by a Verb
要 (yào) and 想 (xiǎng) have similar meanings when followed by verbs. The difference is rather subtle, but 要 (yào) can sound more urgent or demanding (sometimes even childish), while 想 (xiǎng) is usually a bit more mature and polite. Tone of voice plays a big role here as well, though, so don’t be afraid of offending people by using 要 (yào); the word itself isn’t rude.

要 (yào) as “Want to”
Structure
It might help to think of 要 (yào) in this sense as meaning “want to” and 想 (xiǎng) as meaning “would like to.”
Subj. + 要 + Verb
Examples
我 要 休息 。
Wǒ yào xiūxi.
I want to rest.
你 也 要 回家 吗 ？
Nǐ yě yào huíjiā ma?
Do you also want to go home?
你们 要 喝 什么 ？
Nǐmen yào hē shénme?
What do you want to drink?
我 要 帮 老板 做 完 这些 工作 。
Wǒ yào bāng lǎobǎn zuò wán zhèxiē gōngzuò.
I want to help the boss finish this work.
大家 晚上 要 不 要 出去 吃 ？
Dàjiā wǎnshang yào bu yào chūqù chī?
Does everyone want to go out to eat tonight?

想 (xiǎng) as “Would Like to”
Structure
It might help to think of 想 (xiǎng) as meaning “would like to” instead of “want to.” In English, as well, “would like to” feels more indirect, and thus less demanding and more more polite.
Subj. + 想 + Verb
Examples
你 想 去 吗 ？
Nǐ xiǎng qù ma?
Would you like to go?
我 不 想 见 她 。
Wǒ bù xiǎng jiàn tā.
I wouldn’t like to see her.
周末 你们 想 看 电影 吗 ？
Zhōumò nǐmen xiǎng kàn diànyǐng ma?
Would you like to see a movie this weekend?
我 想 请 你 吃饭 。
Wǒ xiǎng qǐng nǐ chīfàn.
I’d like to treat you to dinner.
他们 春节 不 想 回家 吗 ？
Tāmen Chūnjié bù xiǎng huíjiā ma?
Don’t they want to go back home for Spring Festival?

要 (yào) as “Going to”
要 is used to indicate plans for the near future, much like “going to” in English. 想 (xiǎng) is not used in this way.
Structure
Subj. + 要 + Verb
Examples
星期六 我 要 去 北京。
Xīngqīliù wǒ yào qù Běijīng.
I’m going to Beijing on Saturday.
下 个 月 她 要 找 新 工作。
Xià gè yuè tā yào zhǎo xīn gōngzuò.
She is going to look for a new job next month.
这个 周末 你们 要 出去 玩 吗？
Zhège zhōumò nǐmen yào chūqù wán ma?
Are you going out partying this weekend?
结婚 以后，你 要 跟 父母 住 在 一起 吗？
Jiéhūn yǐhòu, nǐ yào gēn nǐ fùmǔ zhù zài yīqǐ ma?
Are you going to live together with your parents after you get married?
生 完 孩子 以后，你 太太 要 回去 工作 吗？
Shēng wán háizi yǐhòu, nǐ tàitai yào huíqù gōngzuò ma?
Is your wife going back to work after she finishes giving birth to the baby?

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次 (cì)
(Verbal Measure Word)
To modify the actions which can be repeated
e.g.
We met once.
我们见过一次。
Wǒmen jiàn guò yí cì.

I’ve taken hsk4 four times, but I failed four times.
HSK4我考了四次也没过。
HSK4 wǒ kǎo le sì cì yě méi guò.

遍 (biàn)
(Verbal Measure Word)
To emphasize the whole process of an action from the beginning to the end.
e.g.
Please say it again.
请再说一遍。
Qǐng zài shuō yí biàn.

I have read this book twice.
这本书我看了两遍。
Zhè běn shū wǒ kàn le liǎng biàn.

趟 (tàng)
(Verbal Measure Word)
To indicate the whole process of going to and returning from a place.
e.g.
These things can’t be moved at one time.
这些东西一趟搬不完。
Zhè xiē dōngxi yí tàng bān bù wán.

I went there twice and he was not there.
我去了两趟，他都不在。
Wǒ qù le liǎng tàng, tā dōu bú zài.

场 (chǎng)
(Nominal Measure Word)
refers to the whole process of doing something, and is often used to modify variety shows or sports games
e.g.
I want to play a game with you.
我想和你打一场比赛。
Wǒ xiǎng hé nǐ dǎ yì chǎng bǐsài.

How many Chinese tests are there in a year?
一年有几场汉语考试？
Yìnián yǒu jǐ chǎng hànyǔ kǎoshì?

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就 is used in both contemplated and completed actions, expressing a plan, request, command, statement or condition.

a. Indicates the immediacy of the next action.

    S1  V1 了 O1， (S2)  就 V2 O2   (了/吧)

    我  下  了  课，          就 回  家    了。

    As soon as I got out of class, I went home.

    Wǒ xià le kè, jiù huí jiā le.

b. Indicates an action takes or took place sooner or earlier than expected.

    S  Time-expression    就   VO ( 了)

    我    今天五点钟         就   起来了。

    Today I got up at five o’clock. 

    Wǒ jīntiān wǔ diǎn zhōng jiù qǐláile.

c. Means ” (if) …… then”

   (要是) S1 V1 O1  ， (S2)  就 V2O2

    要是  我  有 时间，  我    就  参加。

    (If) I have time，then I will attend.

    Yàoshi wǒ yǒu shíjiān, wǒ jiù cānjiā.

d. Means “… will …    =>    … 就(会, 要) + verb …

    rúguǒ míngtiān xiàyǔ, yīnyuèhuì jiù huì qǔxiāo.

    如果明天下雨, 音乐会就会取消.

    If it rains tomorrow, the concert will be cancelled.

e.The structure “就+verb”indicates a conclusion or a resolution made on the basis of what’s been  mentioned previously. For example:

If you don’t want to go, just rest at home.

⑴ 你不想去，就在家休息吧。

Nǐ bùxiǎng qù, jiù zàijiā xiūxí ba.

The coffee here is good. Let’s drink coffee.

⑵ 这儿的咖啡不错，就喝咖啡吧。

Zhè’er de kāfēi bùcuò, jiù hē kāfēi ba.

Today is Dad’s birthday. Let’s go out for dinner.

⑶ 今天是爸爸的生日，我们就去外面吃饭吧。

Jīntiān shì bàba de shēngrì, wǒmen jiù qù wàimiàn chīfàn ba.

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Time+就+verb

Time+才+verb

Both 才 and 就 can be used as an adverbial modifier before a verb

就 indicates that in the speaker’s opinion, the action happened early, or went on fast or smoothly. For example:
Why are you going to bed so early?
你怎么这么早就 要睡觉了？ （earlier than expected time）
Nǐ zěnme zhème zǎo jiù yào shuìjiàole?

才 indicates that in the speaker’s opinion, the action happened late, or went on slowly or unsatisfactorily. For example:
Class begins at seven o’clock, but he doesn’t get up until eight o’clock.
七点上课，他八点才 起床。（later than expected time）
Qī diǎn shàngkè, tā bā diǎn cái qǐchuáng.

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